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Survival of breast cancer patients treated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized and Teaching Hospital
Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Fatuma Hassen, Fikre Enquselassie, Ahmed Ali, Adamu Addissie, Girma Taye, Mathewos Assefa, Aster Tsegaye
Abstract
Purpose: Globally, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival of breast cancer patients and associated factors.
Methods: This study was done among breast cancer patients treated at the Oncology Center of Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Clinical data were collected from patient files. Median age at diagnosis and Interquartile range (IQR) were calculated. Based on life table analysis, one, three, five, and 10 years' overall survival rates were calculated. Median survival estimates were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method. Survival curves were compared using the Log-Rank statistic. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox's proportional hazards model.
Results: Our study included a total of 402 patients followed over 10 years. Median age at diagnosis of patients was 43.4[35-50] years. The median follow up time was 58.3 months while the total person-year was 22,998 months. By the end of follow-up, 233 (58%) of patients were dead. The one, two, three, five, and ten-year survival rates were 85, 75, 62, 50, and 34%, respectively. Based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, a more severe stage at diagnosis (HR=3.84; 95% CI 2.00-7.35, P< 0.001), cancer metastasizing 1.79(95% CI, 1.13-2.83, P = 0.012) were significantly associated with an increased risk of death.
Conclusion: Our study indicated a relatively poor survival rate, which was associated with late-stage diagnosis and metastasizing cancer. Strengthening public awareness and mass screening is needed in order to enhance early screening and initiation of treatment to reduce the advanced stage of breast cancer.
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