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Along with the continuous development of civilization and the intensive technological progress, the diseases of civilization are becoming a growing problem. The most common diseases of civilization include cardiovascular diseases, cancer and osteoporosis [1]. According to the International Osteoporosis Foundation, the problem of osteoporosis affects approx. 200 million people. Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by the loss of bone density. As a result, the weakened bone fractures due to very small injuries. In many cases these fractures lead to the need for a suitable prosthesis [2]. An important material very often used in regenerative medicine and implantology is hydroxyapatite (HAp). It is a material which, by its chemical composition, corresponds to an inorganic part of bone. It is called a bone replacement material and is used to make coatings for metal implants. Moreover, HAp is characterized by osteoconductivity, i.e. the ability to support the formation of new bone tissue [3]. In recent years, multifunctional implants have become increasingly popular, which in addition to filling the bone defect are designed to provide the bone with appropriate active substances. Due to its properties such as biocompatibility, non-toxicity and the possibility of set with bone tissue, hydroxyapatite is an interesting material to use as a component of multifunctional implants [4].
In this work, hydroxyapatite was obtained using a wet precipitation method. Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and hydrated calcium nitrate were used as HAp precursors. The syntheses were performed for different conditions, changing the pH of the reaction mixture and the concentration of the reagents applied, respectively. After selecting the most appropriate reaction conditions, obtained hydroxyapatite powder was compared to the commercial powder while the particular attention was paid to such characteristics as the phase purity, the surface development, morphology, and particle size distribution. As a result of performed investigations it was concluded that synthetic hydroxyapatite was characterized by 71.8% more specific surface area than commercial powder. Furthermore, it was proved that the size of the particles of obtained HAp was within the range of 1 - 100 μm while in the case of commercial powder two types of particles were observed, i.e. with a size ranging from 1 – μm and 150 – 600 μm.
The „Multifunctional biologically active composites for applications in bone regenerative medicine” project is carried out within the TEAM-NET programme of the Foundation for Polish Science financed by the European Union under the European Regional Development Fund.
[1] Wibisono, Y. et al. Molecules 26, 6344 (2021).
[2] Nikolova, M.P. et al. Bioact. Mater. 4, 271-292 (2019).
[3] Mohd Pu’ad, N.A.S. et al. Mater. Today: Proc. 29, 233-239 (2020).
[4] Dinda, S. et al. Nanomaterials 10, 2232 (2020).
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