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Description
In previous decades, biomedical research has focused on the development of biomimetic and biocompatible materials, that do not cause any adverse reactions in the human body [1]. Synthetic materials are already widely used, but usually lack the necessary bioactive cues to promote a specific cellular response. Also, the degradation of these materials can cause toxic side effects. Polysaccharidesare biocompatible and bioactive natural polymers, which can be used as building blocks of scaffolds and hydrogels in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Here we propose the development of a hydrogel based on oxidized polysaccharides containing aldehyde groups (like hyaluronic acid and alginic acid) and modified gelatin (HYD-Gel)carrying hydrazide groups. The amine and hydrazide groups react with the aldehyde groups forming irreversible hydrazine bonds. As a result in-situ gelling, cell laden hydrogels can be synthesized and used as a scaffold without the need of a potentially toxic crosslinker. Gelatin is specifically chosen to improve the bioactivity of the scaffold, while the native polysaccharides and their degradation products show a high biocompatibility. Under physiological conditions, these hydrogels are supposed to degrade slowly, while the cells proliferate and slowly replace the scaffold. Preliminary studies have shown that the variations in the component concentration and ratio lead to hydrogels with different properties and degradation times. This adjustability can become important, as different cell types have divergent requirements for the scaffolds in terms of elasticity and degradability. In vitro studies with similar hydrogel systems based on oxidized polysaccharides have already demonstrated their cytocompatibility in the presence of human adipose derived stem cells [2]. As the precursors of the hydrogels will gelate almost instantaneously when coming in contact with each other, they additionally can be used as bioinks in the formation of 3-D scaffolds.
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Ratner, B. D., Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 21, 171-191 (2019).
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Willems, C., Trutschel, M. L., Mazaikina, V., Strätz, J., Mäder. K., Fischer, S., Groth, T., Macromol. Biosci. 21, 2100098 (2021).
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