Conveners
S37 Human Organoids for Musculoskeletal Tissues
- Debby Gawlitta
- Xiao-hua Qin (ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomechanics )
"Traditionally, tissue engineering strategies employ a “top-down” approach, where cells are randomly seeded in polymeric scaffolds or hydrogels. As a result, engineered tissues are often at best homogenous in composition, lacking the morphological or structural features of native tissues. Alternative “bottom-up” approaches, that leverage the self-organizing capacity of stem cells, have shown...
Organoids (self-assembled 3D tissue structures from a cluster of cells) can be used for patient-specific drug testing or for the generation of larger tissue constructs, which can in turn be used as implants to restore and/or replace damaged tissue. For cartilage, human chondrocytes, both healthy and diseased (derived from patients with osteoarthritis (OA)), show the potential to self-assemble...
"Despite immense interests, growing organoids resembling the human musculoskeletal system (including bone, cartilage, muscle, tendon, ligament) in a petri dish remains a major challenge in front of the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) community. Bone is a vital organ that contains billions of bone cells as well as a sophisticated internal architecture across several length...
Bone organoids are an emerging novel platform to study human bone biology and bone formation. Biofabrication techniques such as extrusion bioprinting have been used to produce mineralized in vitro bone models. However, cell-cell interactions and mineralization rates are influenced by the initial cell printing density [1]. Here, we investigated the effect of cell density on mineral formation,...
Intramembranous ossification is the most common pathway used in tissue engineering (TE) of bone. However, therapeutic effects in case of large bone defects are suboptimal due to hindered vascularization. On the other hand, TE grafts generated via the endochondral ossification pathway, where the bone formation occurs through cartilage intermediaries, become vascularized and form bone upon...
Introduction
Autologous bone grafting is currently the gold standard treatment for bone defects. However, it is still associated with multiple drawbacks such as limited availability and donor site morbidity. Various approaches have been explored to overcome this, of which endochondral bone regeneration (EBR) has emerged as a promising approach. EBR aims to mimic the process where bone is...
Introduction: Bone remodeling is the combined process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. This process is regulated by mechanosensing osteocytes. It is the most fundamental physiological process that defines living bone. An imbalance in this process can cause metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Currently, no complete in vitro bone remodeling model is...
