This paper documents the design process for the creation of a 3d printed luminaire series based on the principles of sustainable product and lighting design. In order to formulate the elements of what sustainable luminaire design should be, the lighting designer, made a recursion contemporary post-industrial design approaches, and concluded to state-of-the-art current trends in sustainable...
Over the past years, the focus on public spaces and the need for well-designed outdoor environments has been a key focus for those professions working in the sector. There is increasingly a push for more pedestrian-oriented spaces which support movement and activity and also have an extended use after dark. It is increasingly more apparent, however, where the divide exists between areas that...
Spaciousness is an important psychophysical value of space which has impacts on building occupants’ satisfaction and wellness. Previous research revealed through subjective experiments in spaces without windows that spaciousness is affected not only by the physical volume of space but also by lighting environment, and the effect can be estimated with a calculation model with average luminance...
Lighting technologies have been rapidly developing in recent years together with the advancement in digital and connected technologies. Nevertheless, while achieving quantitative goals with the help of technical developments, there is always a need to correlate them with their impacts on users’ experience. This paper focuses on the changes in human behaviour whilst walking under an...
The purpose of this study is to verify whether the spatial brightness of the real space can be reproduced using the high-luminance large screen display. Firstly, we conducted the subjective experiment in the real space. Next, the linear scaling images to present on the high-luminance large screen display were made from luminance and chromaticity data measured in the real space. The maximum...
This paper explores social interaction in local public squares under different lighting conditions. At its best public squares are social spaces that engender a sense of belonging, increase the quality of life and wellbeing of individuals. It is proposed that outdoor lighting would be essential to the use of the public realm after dark, but empirical results regarding lighting conditions and...
The significance of circular economy and its integration into core strategies for smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth, is increasingly being recognized by individuals, organisations, and nations in recent times. The term ‘Design for Disassembly’ may conjure up images about the end-of-life of a product or its disposal. However, design for disassembly connects to numerous circularity and...
Facades are important for controlling light entering a building and ensuring optimal conditions for occupants. But light can also cause discomfort, such as glare and overheating. Natural light changes with the time of day, the weather, and the season. Creating a responsive structure can enhance the visual quality and energy efficiency. Because of their properties, kinetic facades can react to...
The influence of urban lighting on the visual tasks of pedestrians are well known and, likewise, studies have explored the relationship between urban lighting and pedestrians’ feelings of safety. But there are other, less investigated, possible effects of light in mesopic situations. Research on street lighting for pedestrians has traditionally focused on minimal required illuminance for...
Through our work with urban masterplans, studying lit places and spaces in Norway for more than 20 years, and observing procedures of procurement and installations, we see some clear trends. There is a general tendency to light with the scope of augmenting visibility. Meaning that most effort is geared towards making spaces more visible with light, rather than creating good lighting...
Colour tunable and dimmable LED lamps and LED luminaires are used increasingly in both domestic and professional lighting sector. The documentation of energy and light quality performance are often very limited for only for a single setting of multiple possible settings. Fifteen LED lamps and eight LED luminaires that are dimmable and tuneable white have been selected for demonstration of the...
In our previous study we proposed a new method, “photon flow”, to visualise the light propagation in space. Theoretically the photon flow depicts the physically correct light distribution, however, it was yet unclear whether people could correctly read the physical light field in actual spaces by observing the photon flow. Therefore, in this study we verified the relationship between the light...
Salt fog and atmospheric agents are two of the main causes of the corrosion affecting urban lighting luminaires. This research starts right from the study of this phenomenon. After a short analysis of the corrosion process occurring in traditional aluminum lighting bodies, it highlights the advantages of using an eco-sustainable polymeric material to produce highly resistant luminaires, a...
This paper explores how lighting and darkness influence human experiences of architectural and social public urban contexts in dark hours. Tram stations in Aarhus, Denmark, are used as cases to investigate how brightness levels influence human sensory experience of the local space, the surroundings, co-presence with other people, and the activities performed in a specific context. Furthermore,...
To achieve a successful architectural project, it is essential for architects to truly understand and collaborate with other designers and engineers during the whole project. Regarding daylight analysis, what architects decide about the fenestration types, sizes, and their placements, interior layout design, interior or exterior materials, and finally the outer shape of the buildings may...
The direction, density, and diffusivity of light are important indicators of spatial characteristics in describing a three-dimensional light environment. Mury presented a method for describing, measuring, and visualizing the structure of light fields using spherical harmonics in terms of changes in the density and direction of light in three-dimensional space. We extended this study by using...
This research aimed to test and study presence sensitive roadway lighting in a housing area in Finland, and to evaluate drivers’ experiences and attitudes of it. The lighting adapted both to motor vehicles using the road and to the measured traffic density along it. The case study was conducted on a collector road in Salo, a town in southern Finland. New, controllable LED lighting with PIR...
The aim of this study is to investigate the physiological stress effects of light colour on white and coloured LED lighting in the elderly people. The laboratory experiment was conducted on 19 elderly subjects and analysed using heart rate variability. The results showed that the 2700 K and 6500 K conditions, which significantly decreased HR and significantly increased HF, were considered to...
Looking at the architecture of modern housing in Denmark, it seems to express an understanding that equals more daylight with good daylight. With coated energy glass, the windows have increased in size, making glass into a façade material. This means that windows are no longer just holes in the façade but rather make up the entire façade itself. This changes the spatial relationship between...
The necessity of energy equilibrium in industrial building stock must be addressed at design level in order to optimise use of materials without jeopardising the functional outcome. To do so effectively, the designer should incorporate a light use vs availability balance that will harness as much natural light resources as possible without creating unfavourable conditions due to over-exposure...
The objective of this study is to find out if it is possible to achieve the circadian levels recommended by different published lighting guidelines using different color configurations in a text editor. By measuring 25 monitors of different sizes, the circadian impact is evaluated at a standard distance using two different parameters: Circadian Stimulus and Melanopic Equivalent Daylight...
This paper presents preliminary results of analyzes of the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in a full scale rotatable 1:1 mockup of a patient room. As initial part of the planning of the indoor environment at a new mental hospital, the project seeks to uncover the natural differences and limitations of the building, caused by the geographical orientation. Examining the outdoor diurnal...
Prior to the installation of new integrative lighting systems, perceived experiences by nurses of the existing lighting were collected as a baseline study through interviews at two newly built hospital units in Denmark. This paper addresses the advantages and barriers that the current lighting application presents for the nurses’ work-practice. The study found that ten out of twelve of the...
The experience of light in a space and the physiological effect of light combined is complex to study. Methods which combine parameters from the fields of the biological, visual and atmospheric effects of light through a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data collection on site, seem more important than ever to validate the potentials of integrative lighting. A case study,...
High-technology glazing panes are designed to meet the need for natural light, while optimizing key functions such as reducing solar heat gain in spaces and/or redirecting daylight to the rear of the spaces. However, the actual performance in terms of both illumination and glare protection of these glazing systems is often unknown. This study aims to compare the visual comfort performance of...
Often the criteria for designing office lighting is to increase efficiency through a bright and evenly distributed lighting. Yet, research has found that this static lighting leads to an unstimulating, boring, and dull luminous environment that supports neither task focus, nor a pleasant atmosphere. The goal of this paper is to create a closer connection to a natural light environment by...
Game-based learning is rapidly transforming the educational landscape by providing engaging supplementary tools to students around the world. A problem area where game-based learning has not been empirically studied is the subject of additive color theory. Can a puzzle video game increase players’ knowledge of additive color theory? This paper describes how a puzzle game can be designed in...
This article presents a case study conducted in the metropolis of Brest, France in 2022, designed to support public policy decision-making by integrating the knowledge and needs of citizens during the different stages of a night-time urban planning project, around the notion of synchronization of the city's rhythms. It presents three innovations: (1) Actors: coordination of public and private...
Explicit evaluation methods and suppression techniques for reflected glare have not been clarified in museum lighting. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the occurrence mechanism of reflected glare and to make use of its knowledge for future exhibitions in museums. In this paper, for the first step, we focused on the several factors, which were assumed to have an influence on the...
This paper presents a qualitative descriptive case study that aims to build awareness about the need for improvement of the indoor environment in classrooms and to exemplify how renewal-oriented processes can be initiated. The study focuses on innovation processes that have resulted in both completely new designs and further spread of innovative solutions. The reason for the need to improve...
The present paper summarises tendencies related to research in lighting for school environments from 1980 to 2020. Methods and tools used to evaluate and analyse both daylight and electric lighting are presented. The studies in this literature review were grouped in four decades and are presented chronologically. The review suggests a shift from on-site evaluations in the early decades, both...
This study aims to verify the relationship between the spatial brightness evaluation and average luminance on a moving gaze point tracking by targeting offices with different luminance distributions. Subjects wearing eye-tracking devices evaluate the spatial brightness of the various light environments displayed on a large screen display. In the results, the tendency for gazing at the window...
Although lighting is a theme usually loved by architects, there are few studies about appropriate pedagogical strategies focusing on its teaching in architectural undergraduate courses. This subject rarely is present in conferences, symposia, and similar events regarding architectural education. Due to historical mistakes, lighting education is often conducted in such courses with no link to...
Natural day light has important qualities that we need for our physical comfort, biological health, and psychological wellbeing. Modern lighting addresses our physical need for light and human centric lighting our biological needs, but both lack qualities of natural daylight we need. The Design Principles for Natural Lighting references Biophilic design theory and focuses on our experience of...
The term "biophilic design" is recognized by some designers who coined a word for designing instinctively using fresh understandings, reasons, and views, which helps reconnect us with the natural world in the indoor environment. Within the various patterns that connect humans with nature, natural lighting provides an orientation to the day and night according to the sun's location and cycles,...
Researchers and designers use the words “artificial” or “electric” to describe lighting products, design, or research related practices, and there appear to be differing opinions about which is the more appropriate term. Generally, there are challenges with a common use of language and vocabulary in interdisciplinary research and this might be also valid for design and research in lighting...
This paper presents the results of ‘Light4Health’ (L4H), a three-year EU Erasmus+ Strategic Partnership grant project (2019-2021), which investigated, systematized and taught health-related research on the impact of natural and artificial light on human health and well-being relevant to indoor lighting design. The objective was to re-think evidence-based lighting design approaches for...
Smart Lighting is widely viewed as a means to reduce energy use, streamline city services and lower maintenance costs of public lighting. These are valid perspectives and useful pursuits, but they leave a blind spot that needs urgent attention: how the application of Smart Lighting technologies could affect and benefit people in public space. Illumination as it is currently deployed is mostly...
The present article describes a perspective on tactical urban lighting and its power as a source for disruption and innovation in the field of urban lighting. It is the result of an applied research that is currently being carried out by a task group formed by technicians, planners, managers and designers from different private companies and public institutions with responsibility and...
Outdoor lighting has mainly been approached as an engineering subject throughout its history. The current urban lighting requirements are established upon factors which mainly refer to motorised traffic dynamics. As a consequence, excessive lighting levels are found in the city environments with a negative impact on the human as well as the environmental sphere. By synthesising scientific...
The main objective of this work is to determine if lighting can help triggering emotions in the inhabitants, and if so, if it can be achieved through design. For this, a literature review of several authors, such as Sztulwark, Rose, Chaves, Lozoya and Crilly among others was needed. This was seen through an interdisciplinary approach where several concepts were translated to the lighting...
This paper introduces the principle of Universal design into the field of lighting design by pointing to and discussing their shared understandings of human diversities, and how functionality as well as experiencing are equally important aspects of designs. This introduction is initialized by the presentation of a thematic analysis of an ethnographic field study investigating how midwives...
This paper reviews 49 studies that addressed how window view, daylighting, and lighting in buildings affect occupants’ behavior and well-being. The systematic literature search was performed in November 2021 and focused on office and educational buildings. We quantified the number of papers per study type, study aim, and lighting condition. Predictor categories and methods for data collection...
In our well-lit cities today, light pollution has become an increasing issue and serious threat of natural darkness and the view to a night sky full of stars. Darkness is not only a natural part of the day- and night-time cycle, but it is a basic need for all living creatures. And as light takes over in our night-time environment, this causes issues for both wildlife, nature, and human health....
Science understands and handles a phenomenon from different perspectives. Light is handled as daylight, artificial light, task light, and general light, as physics, electrical technology, or safety aids. However, as part of people’s everyday lives, the different characteristics of the phenomena fluxes and blend, as people’s needs and preferences to lighting differ across a day, in different...
With the recent widespread adoption of LED lighting in outdoor areas, numerous concerns have been raised about the potential for harmful effects on humans, animals, plants, and the night sky. These stem from the high blue light content of some LED bulbs and an incentive to increase lighting levels caused by higher efficiency and lower costs. While new lighting installations are often described...
