Description
This work explores the steps that can facilitate the implementation of a collaborative cloud for cultural heritage.
Digitization serves as the initial step toward digitalization, encompassing a range of socio-technical phenomena that may unfold after digitization. Both processes are integral to a broader domain that: 1) involves physical inspection methods, business models aimed at enhancing inspection performance, integrity engineering, and decision-making; 2) provides valuable data to enhance the design, production, and maintenance throughout the useful life of cultural heritage objects. Vrana and Sing (2020) proposed labeling the aforementioned domain as the Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) 4.0 domain, emphasizing its nature as "a suite of cyber-physical technologies". These technologies include Digital Twin (DT), Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Semantic Interoperability and Ontologies, Industry 4.0 Data Processing (Big Data Analysis), Blockchains, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), and Artificial Intelligence. Particular emphasis is placed on the concept of Digital Twin, initially introduced in 2003 at the University of Michigan during the Executive Course on Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), as outlined by Grieves (2014). Subsequently, Glaessgen and Stargel (2012) proposed Digital Twins for supporting the production of NASA and U.S. Air Force vehicles. They envisioned Digital Twins as facilitating "integrated multiphysics, multiscale, probabilistic simulation of an as-built vehicle or system that uses the best available physical models, sensor updates, fleet history, etc." In this framework, a methodology will be presented to create and implement innovative tools and methods for digitizing and digitalizing attributes of cultural heritage items.
