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Description
Sandwich plates with perforated metal facings are increasingly used in acoustic constructions, where effective management of sound wave scattering and damping is essential, such as along roads and highways as components of acoustic barriers. This paper presents an experimental and numerical analysis of acoustic sandwich plates with a mineral wool core and perforated metal facings. The study focuses on the proper modeling of the metal facing with perforation bands. From a mechanical point of view, the facing is not bonded to the core in the perforated areas, meaning there is no cooperation between the facing and the core in these regions.
Therefore, to assess the behavior of the panels with perforated facings, the experimental research concentrated on two aspects: determining the appropriate mechanical properties of the individual materials of the plate, including the characteristics of the perforated facing, and examining the structural behavior of the entire plate in terms of its bending strength with the perforated facing. The results showed that perforation of the metal facing significantly reduces its stiffness.
After conducting the experiments, a spatial numerical model was developed and calibrated. The numerical analysis was carried out using the Finite Element Method (FEM), which allowed for the detailed geometry of the perforation in the metal facing to be accounted for. The study considered the material variability of the facing, modeling it as a thin layer with specific thickness and known mechanical properties, such as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and density. To accurately reproduce the actual mechanical behavior of the facing, the analysis also included the impact of perforation on its stiffness.
The conclusions from the numerical and experimental analysis emphasize the importance of precise modeling of the perforated metal facing in sandwich plates, particularly in the context of optimizing their acoustic and mechanical properties. The obtained results may serve as a basis for further research into the design of acoustic materials and the engineering of sandwich plates with perforated metal facings.
