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Considering the increasing incidence of bone-degenerative diseases and injuries, including osteoarthritis, especially in societies where aging is associated with increased obesity and poor physical activity, the repair of bone defects is one of the major challenges in medical science. Due to the difficulties, high cost, risks of surgery, severe allergic reactions, and ultimately rejection of grafted tissue in surgeries, the demand for tissue engineering methods to replace old and traditional treatment methods has risen significantly. Bone tissue engineering aims to restore bone function through the combination and synergy of biological materials, cells, and therapeutic factors, and the result of using these alternative methods is reduced risks and costs along with better effectiveness in the treatment of the disease. This study aimed to develop a promising bioactive scaffold by combining the structural properties of polycaprolactone nanofibers with the therapeutic features of Gallic acid (GA) and Strontium chloride (SrCl2). The resultant nonporous scaffold was physically characterized, and the outcome indicated that the gallic acid and chitosan enhance the wettability of the scaffold, improving the Sr2+ release and, consequently, increasing the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) adhesion, proliferation, ALP activity, and biomineralization. The cytotoxicity results also revealed that both Gallic acid and strontium chloride had no adverse effect on the AD-MSCS. Overall, this fabricated scaffold holds promising potential for bone regeneration applications.
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