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Description
Decellularized human chorionic membrane (HCM) offers a promising biomaterial for tissue engineering due to its rich extracellular matrix (ECM), inherent biocompatibility, and accessibility. This study compares the efficacy of different decellularization methods in generating acellular HCM scaffolds while preserving structural and functional ECM integrity. Cellular removal and ECM preservation were evaluated through histological staining (H&E, Masson's Trichrome, Alcian Blue, and DAPI), alongside DNA/RNA quantification. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a porous, fibrous ultrastructure conducive to cellular attachment. Mechanical testing showed that the SDS-treated HCM retained tensile strength and elasticity compatible with soft tissue applications. Swelling behavior and degradation rate analysis further demonstrated the scaffold’s functional stability. Biocompatibility was validated by low hemolysis percentage (<1%), high cell viability in MTT assays, and positive outcomes from in ovo CAM assays. Preliminary in vivo studies confirmed minimal immune response, good integration, and early neovascularization. Immunohistochemical staining and gene expression analysis further indicated early signs of tissue regeneration. These results suggest that SDS-decellularized HCM is a structurally intact, biologically active scaffold with significant potential in urinary bladder tissue engineering.
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