A robust pavement infrastructure is essential for safeguarding the environment, economy, and society. Autonomous and connected vehicles, including trucks, offer the potential to decrease energy consumption, emissions, and costs, while simultaneously enhancing road safety. Therefore, the future vision for pavements must be comprehensive: ensuring safety, achieving net-zero emissions, maximizing...
University of Iowa, jointly with Iowa State University, has performed a research project of over $1 million to develop quality standards for inclusion of high recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) content in asphalt mixtures for Iowa Highway Research Board and Iowa DOT. This keynote presentation will discuss various aspects of asphalt pavement recycling which include RAP fractionations, effects of...
Abstract. After the success of the electric cars, the future will be based on Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) that will change the actual driving mode. CAVs will also change the design of road pavements because their transverse position in the lane produces different distresses compared to the actual cars due to CAVs ability to keep their transverse position con-stantly in the lane,...
Abstract. Skid resistance is a critical factor for road safety, particularly in adverse weather conditions, as it directly impacts a vehicle's braking and maneuvering abilities. Grooved pavements have been employed to enhance skid resistance on highways and airport runways. However, over time, wear and tear can reduce their effectiveness. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the skid resistance...
Abstract: Moisture susceptibility has been recognized as a major pavement distress. This study examines the resistance to moisture damage of lime-modified asphalt mixtures containing EAF slag. For this study, seventeen (17) mixtures containing 0-4% of lime and 0-100% of slag was generated using Box Behnken Design (BBD) in design expert. The asphalt mixture samples were prepared and the...
Abstract: Since the late 1980s, government agencies have used porous asphalt-treated courses (PATC) as drainage layers under Portland cement concrete and asphalt concrete to prevent premature pavement failure by allowing water to drain from the pavement structure. Although PATC has been used in other applications, its use in airports is relatively limited. Three different types of PATC mixes...
Abstract. Transportation agencies need performance indicators to report the pavement condition. Many local transportation agencies use the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) to report the pavement condition. In 1986, the World Bank developed the International Roughness Index (IRI) to measure the irregularity of the road surface. IRI is an indicator of roughness for straight horizontal road...
Abstract. The low volume rural road pavement is designed with unbound granular layers only which may be designed against rutting. The objective of present paper is to estimate the thickness of granular base layer of pavement based on mechanistic-empirical approach. In present analysis, the pavement has been considered as multi-layered system. Odemark’s method has been used to transform the...
Abstract: Self-healing by induction heating stands as a promising and sus-tainable technology for asphalt pavement maintenance applications. This study involves performing a series of test cycles, encompassing first SCB fracture testing on a waste steel fiber (WSF)-reinforced for an asphalt con-crete for thin surface layers (BBTM) and asphalt concrete for binder layer (ACL), induction heating...
Abstract. Grip, or skid-resistance, is a fundamental attribute of a racetrack and needs to be understood by track owners, operators and racing teams. An analysis of racetrack wet grip produced datasets comprising tens of thousands of geolocated data points. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the datasets can be used to create Triangular Irregular Networks (TINs) that present grip...
Abstract. Dynamic modulus of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) is a primary mechanical property input for flexible pavement design analysis using the AASHTOWare Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical Design (PMED) software. In this research, dynamic modulus inputs were used for design analysis of 21 newly constructed asphalt surface projects with the PMED software to predict asphalt pavement performance and to...
Abstract. The paper presents a system aiming at characterizing water spray induced by a tire rolling on a wet road and relating it to the water depth on the road surface. Water splash and spray mechanisms are briefly reminded and definition of water depths are given. The system setup, composed of ac-celerometers to record vibrations of the front wheel arch liner, is described. Tests are...
Abstract: In Australia, thin (50-80 mm) asphalt is widely used as the primary type of surfacing for airfield pavements. The function of the asphalt surface is to provide a flexible, waterproof, durable, and skid-resistant wearing layer on top of the pavement structure. During production of airfield asphalt, variable constituents result in variations in the air void content of the mixture....
Abstract. Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) creep compliance is a primary mechani-cal property input for the AASHTOWare Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical Design (PMED) software for design analysis of rehabilitated pavements. This study investigated the impact of the creep of HMA mixes with re-claimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on the performance of the HMA-overlaid pavements in Kansas. Hierarchical Level 1...
Abstract. Transportation Safety continues to evolve as a significant area of interest and concern. As a result, evaluation of safety from a pavement surface characteristics perspective is also attracting additional interest. Historically, pavement safety assessments have focused on discrete, low density friction assessments with common technology not changing much in the past half century -...
Abstract: Grouted macadam (GM), composed by a porous asphalt mixture whose air voids are filled with a cementitious grout, is efficiently used as wearing course in semi-flexible pavements subjected to heavy-load traffic and low speed. Since high steering angles, applied by vehicle load at low speed, induce high shear stresses on the surface, this research investigated the raveling resistance...
Abstract. The PMED performance models have been nationally calibrated and may not represent local conditions in a region. Therefore, these models should be calibrated considering the local construction practices, performance, and climatic conditions. An essential step in the calibration process is to select pavement sections. This paper presents a systematic approach to obtaining observed...
Abstract. Sealing or filling cracks in pavement surfaces has been a common pavement maintenance technique adopted by many agencies. Mastic has been a common material implemented in these activities due to its flexibility, adhesion, and strength properties. In cold regions, the presence of freeze and thaw cycles contributes to the generation of severe transverse cracks that impact ride quality....
Abstract: In recent years, the excellent mechanical properties of asphalt modified with graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) have attracted a growing number of researchers investigating their actual performance enhancement in pavements. First, the authors analyzed an original thin layer of graphene-modified asphalt (GMTL) aimed at restoring the binder layer of road pave-ment through laboratory and...
Abstract. Micromechanical modelling through the Discrete Element Meth-od (DEM) is adopted for the study of bituminous materials given its capa-bility to replicate complex microstructures behaviour. Typically, DEM models of bituminous materials consist of an assembly of randomly dis-tributed spherical rigid particles which interact using elastic and/or simple viscoelastic contact models, and...
Abstract. The surface roughness in terms of the International Roughness Index (IRI) is critical in assessing pavement quality, affecting vehicle operation costs, driver safety, and comfort. The IRI model in PMED is linear between the initial IRI and other distress. The initial IRI is crucial for IRI model calibration and pavement design. This paper addresses the challenges and data limitations...
Abstract. The present study has been developed to investigate the combined effect of 20 % de-icing salts solutions (calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride) and freeze and thaw (F–T) cycles on bituminous binders and asphalt mixture performance at medium and low service temperatures. In the study were included conventional and SBS-polymer modified bitumen with amido-amines...
Abstract. The AASHTOWare mechanistic-empirical pavement design (PMED) is a state-of-the-art new and rehabilitation project design proce-dure that accounts for local environmental conditions, highway materials, and actual highway traffic distribution using axle load spectra. The distress prediction models must be calibrated for a particular state or region to apply this procedure precisely....
Abstract. On cycle paths, surface roughness is one of the dominant measures related to the level of service for cyclists. Then, in recent years, the demand for the maintenance and improvement of cycle path surfaces in-creases in terms of ride quality all over the world. However, the conven-tional approaches to the roughness evaluation are based on the viewpoints of four-wheel motor cars...
Abstract. The mechanism of moisture damage at the bitumen-aggregate in-terface is a crucial but unresolved issue in pavement engineering. In this pa-per, an innovative molecular dynamics (MD) modeling approach was de-veloped to address this challenge. This method incorporates nanoscale moisture diffusion and migration into consideration, which provides a more accurate representation of the...
Abstract. This paper presents a study of the applicability of the MeDiNa pavement design methodology, a mechanistic-empirical software developed in Brazil, to the Portuguese pavement structures. The paper describes the main features and assumptions of the MeDiNa software, and compares the predicted pavement performance indicators, such as cracking and rutting, with the Portuguese...
Abstract: The paper is devoted to high modulus asphalt concrete, more commonly known as EME or HMAC. The general characteristics of the mixture were presented, with particular emphasis on fatigue life and the impact on the design life of the pavement structure, based on experience from various countries. Computational analyses of typical structures were carried out using the mechanistic...
Abstract. Since approximately 50% of transportation in Japan depends on road vehicles, expressways play an important role in the development of road net-works. However, over hundreds of complaints in a year from road users have been recorded on an expressway call center in terms of the ride quality. Against this background, maintenance strategy of road surfaces en-abling safe and comfort...
Abstract. In this experimental laboratory study, a 0-10mm bituminous surface mix (ESG-10) was developed with a softer and unmodified bi-tumen PG58S‒28 for standard traffics and cold regions and, with 0, 5 and 20% softwood Kraft lignin that was added by the dry process i.e., directly in the hot mix asphalt (HMA). The study encompassed the evaluation of compactability, moisture sensitivity,...
Abstract. The maintenance and rehabilitation of flexible pavements gener-ates an appreciable volume of waste from the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). One of the processes for the RAP valorization is the transformation into recycled aggregates to be reintegrated in the pavement life cycle, to-wards a circular economy model. Unbound granular layers of flexible pave-ments are a field of...
Abstract. Chip-seal is probably the most widely used surface treatment in the world. Methods for assessing chip seal problems such as chipping loss are dated and rely on qualitative assessment. This paper considers a non-contact method to measure this failure. The method assesses 3d models created and analyzed using UUTex3d. The method of 3d model creation and assessment is summarized. The...
Abstract. The output of the gyratory compactor is frequently used to design and study the asphalt mixture properties, such as compacity and workabil-ity. To exploit some characteristics of these curves the use of fitting models is recommended. The sigmoidal model is one of the fitting models with more potential due to the possibility of identifying several particularities of the...
Abstract. Interface shear strength of road pavements plays a crucial role on overall structural performance. Interface between asphalt layers is common-ly treated by applying a bituminous tack coat emulsion. Specific pavement structures such as the Asphalt Solar Collectors (ASCs) can be constructed installing pipes or coils at the above-mentioned interfaces. Given this background, the present...
Abstract. Acoustical durability is an important factor influencing the ser-vice life of low noise semi-dense asphalt (SDA) pavements in Switzerland. The main factors affecting this property are the reduction in porosity from traffic loadi and especially clogging of pores during the service life. Over the past decade, an extensive database on the in-situ acoustical performance of SDA mixtures...
Abstract. There is significant attention given by governments and industry to reducing tail-pipe emissions from Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) in transport system vehicle fleets. The transport sector is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions and is responsible for approximately one-third of total CO2 emissions globally which has resulted in intensified global warming and...
Abstract. The integration of healing capsules into asphalt mixtures has demonstrated promising advancements in their intrinsic self-healing prop-erties. However, the efficacy of this technology still requires further inves-tigation. Rigid particle models, utilizing the discrete element method (DEM), have been adopted to simulate the creep, fracture, and viscoelastic behavior of asphalt...
Abstract. The objective of the present paper is to determine the thickness of bituminous overlay on the top of a flexible road pavement using a mechanistic-empirical approach. The thickness of the overlay has been estimated on the basis of allowable deflection at the overlay-pavement interface to withstand anticipated axle load repetitions during its service life, while the strength of...
Abstract. Flushed road surfacing is a large problem in Australia and New Zealand whom both rely heavily on spray (or chip) seal as a cost-effective wearing course for flexible pavements. Conventional methods for correcting flushed spray seal surfacing can comprise texture reseals or hot chip placement but most typically involves high pressure water blasting of the surface. This essentially...
Abstract. This study focuses on the deterioration of road pavement, particularly the formation of rutting, which adversely affects vehicle braking performance, especially in wet conditions. The research aims to predict the combined effects of rutting and intense precipitation on the vehicle braking performances by using a model based on Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) algorithm. The...
Abstract. Local road pavements are often comprised of thin marginal granu-lar material base courses with a thin bituminous surface. When these pave-ments require rehabilitation, new granular reconstruction is the standard historical approach. However, in recent times, stabilisation of the existing pavement has also become popular. This research calculated seven structur-ally equivalent...
Abstract. Road infrastructures are simultaneously the causes and consequences of socio-economic development of any country. They have crucial importance in operation of the economy, because they stablish the necessary movement of people and goods in a quick, safe, and effective way when they are in a good condition. The decrease in the quality of road pavements is due to the evolution and...
Abstract. Merimbula airport is typical of regional airports in Australia, with a modest aircraft pavement network comprised of local natural gravel and a thin bituminous surface. The airport pavements were expanded and rehabilitated for larger aircraft in 2022 and this paper presents a case study of that work as an example of sustainable and resilient airport pavement re-habilitation. Novel...
Abstract. Road construction is increasingly using reinforcement additives to improve its durability and performance to ultimately achieve a sustainable infrastructure. Fiber reinforced mixtures have been a promising strategy for enhancing asphalt road performance in recent years, this is especially true for novel road structures like porous asphalt (PA). This study's overarching objective is...
Abstract. Street pavements are subject to various types of distress which necessitate a cost-effective management approach. This paper pre-sents the outcomes of a survey focusing on street pavement maintenance and the utilization of machine learning (ML) pavement performance models on a 320 km municipal street network in Skellefteå municipali-ty, Sweden. The findings reveal that the most...
Abstract. Early rehabilitation is considered an ideal strategy for managing road pavements, as it is expected to ensure longer durability to minimize the life-cycle cost. However, such a practice has not much been adopted, so its effectiveness is even difficult to understand. As a step toward imple-mentation, how many years rehabilitated pavement have so far sustained was investigated, using...
Abstract. Transportation agencies are increasingly faced with the challenges of maintaining an aging infrastructure with constrained budgets. Fundamental to that challenge, is the ability to efficiently and effectively establish the condition of road pavements. Recognizing that roads currently make up such a large portion of an agencies transportation system, being able to quickly and...
Abstract. This study explores the impact of Phase Change Fibres (PCF) in asphalt mixtures on urban heat control and pavement durability, especially under diverse climate conditions. The incorporation of PCF in pavements offers an adaptive response to temperature fluctuations, presenting a prom-ising approach for urban resilience and sustainable infrastructure develop-ment. The research...
Abstract. This study evaluates the impact of various aging conditioning methods, including the newly developed Universal Simple Aging Test (USAT) and Ultraviolet (UV) aging, against the traditional Rolling Thin Film Oven (RTFO) and Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV), on the rheological properties of asphalt binder. The results reveal that the effects of RTFO and USAT on asphalt binders are comparable...
Abstract: This study provides a comparative environmental assessment of two pavement rehabilitation strategies: Full-Depth Reclamation (FDR) and Mill and Fill (M&F). The analysis includes two FDR treatments, each containing bitumen emulsion in combination with a distinct hydraulic binder (active filler). Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology principles are applied to quantitatively assess...
Abstract. With the increased number and type of waste collection vehicles using local pavement networks, agencies are interested in implementing vehicle impact fees to recoup costs associated with pavement damage caused by such vehicles. The purpose of this study was to estimate the service life and financial impacts of waste vehicles on local pavements for two contrasting California agencies....
Abstract. This study examines the changes in friction and texture following the applica-tion of shotblasting to an asphalt pavement. The primary aim is to assess both the immedi-ate impact and the lasting effects of the treatment. To achieve this, a road segment featuring an asphalt surface in optimal condition was selected. The segment was then divided into two sections: one treated with...
Abstract. Asphalt modification has played a crucial role in improving me-chanical characteristics of asphalt mixtures, thereby enhancing performance and extending service life of the asphalt pavements. Different combinations of SBS and LDPE modifier concentrations were investigated in this study. Conventional properties, rutting and fatigue behavior were obtained to evaluate...
Abstract. Bituminous mortar contains aggregates passing 1.18 mm sieve, fillers (material passing 0.075 mm) and bitumen. In general, the bituminous mortar is characterized in torsion using prismoidal (rectangular cross-section) and cylindrical (circular cross-section) specimen geometries. The properties of the material vary with the cross-section of the specimen geom-etry used for testing....
Abstract. Diamond grinding is a process that involves removing a thin layer of the pavement’s surface using closely spaced diamond saw blades stacked on a machine driven shaft. The level surface is achieved by running the blade assembly at a predetermined level across the pavement surface, which produces saw cut grooves. The uncut concrete between each saw cut breaks off more or less at a...
Abstract. Reflective cracking is a critical distress in asphalt overlays. Numerous test methods and modeling approaches have been proposed to predict its severity and/or extent. These approaches range from the purely empirical to highly mechanistic. This presentation briefly reviews these approaches and suggests an experimentally and analytically balanced approach to predict reflective...
Abstract. A key factor in assuring the resilience of transportation infrastructure in the future is the consideration of climate change in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation activities. This is a complex issue that requires the collaboration of scientists, engineers, practitioners, and various stakeholders. This talk will introduce some basic information on future climate data, various...
Abstract. Compaction quality and density of longitudinal joints are critical to the service life of asphalt pavements. Maintaining deteriorated longitudinal joints has become challenging for many highway agencies. A poorly constructed low-density joint can prematurely distress an otherwise sound flexible pavement, leading to its performance issues in the long run. Longitudinal joints are built...
Abstract. NOx emissions commonly emitted by vehicles, pose environmental and health challenges worldwide. Photocatalytic asphalt pavements, used in urban settings, are in close contact with these emissions. In this study, the contribution and role of asphalt mix components—stone and bitumen—were analyzed in the degradation process. The effectiveness of TiO2 coatings on limestone-bitumen...
Abstract. In addition to future raw material scarcity, environmental crises have made scientists and road authorities focus on the sustainability of asphalt pavements more than ever. With this aim, several short-term and long-term techniques and strategies have been set via carbon neutralization plans. Among these strategic plans, both asphalt recycling and Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) play crucial...
Abstract. Recently, the cost of road repairs increases every year because of an early-age distresses and the fact that the quality of the concrete mixtures produced in a batch plants are not stable. A stable quality control of cement concrete mixtures is very important in construction site. This paper de-scribes the development of quality control equipment and technology using Internet of...
Abstract. The priority in road construction is to reduce the energy con-sumption in the production of mineral-asphalt mixtures used for the upper layers of pavement structures. The most effective approach in this regard is production of such a mixture in the half warm technology (HWMA) with water-foamed bitumen. It is produced at a temperature 50oC to 70oC lower than that required for the...
Abstract. The importance of road pavement durability must not be underes-timated, as it impacts road safety, reduces maintenance costs and environ-mental impacts. The constant exposure of wearing courses to atmospheric agents such as UV-rays or rain, and traffic-induced stresses, contribute to accelerated wear and deterioration. The aging behaviour of the binder used plays a crucial role in...
Abstract. Together with harmful gas emissions, energy consumption is gen-erally regarded as the main issue in environmental policy. The benefits of reducing energy demand are not only related to lower environmental prob-lems (energy production and usage can be associated with air and water pol-lution, climate change, and solid waste disposal) but are also closely linked to the reduction in the...
Abstract. Highway concrete pavement infrastructure built in California during the 1960s-1970s required major rehabilitation by the end of the 1990s. Due to increasing traffic and impact on users caused by long-term closures, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) was forced to look for novel strategies to repair highway pavement quickly. Following the successful completion of...
Abstract. Many types of nanomaterial, such as nano-TiO2, nano-Al2O3 are frequently used for modifying asphalt to enhance its pavement performance. However, conventional nanomaterials often exhibit limited compatibility with asphalt. This problem can be improved by using solvent-free nanofluids. Solvent-free nanofluids are engineered by surface functionalization of conventional nanomaterials,...
Abstract. The elastic and viscoelastic characteristics of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) and traditional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) are closely compared in this investigation. Motivated by the need to address environmental issues, WMA, which is characterized by lower manufacturing temperatures, efficiently lowers greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Furthermore, by reducing reliance on natural...
Abstract. Nowadays, road maintenance and rehabilitation strategies repre-sent important budget investments worldwide as a result of the need for suitable pavement structures. The selection of alternative materials for more efficient and durable solutions is therefore imperative through research ini-tiatives and field projects. In response to these requirements, this paper re-ports the main...
Abstract. Cold mix patching materials (CMPMs) have become increasingly popular solutions for the emergency asphalt repairs of small- to medium-sized potholes in severe winter conditions or where short reopening times are required. Their performances need to be carefully monitored in the early post-application phases, when these materials have a high potential to face several distresses. The...
Abstract. In the past, Montmorillonite K10 (MMT K10), an acid-activated clay, was successfully used as a raw material to synthesize zeolite-like warm-mix asphalt (WMA) additive. The major objective of this research was to synthesize a foaming zeolite with bentonite as an alternative to MMT K10 and assess the physicochemical characteristics of additive through fundamental and advanced binder...
Abstract. The fatigue life of the bituminous pavement is influenced by the fatigue behavior of each of its constituents. This study focuses on the fa-tigue behavior of bituminous material at two scales: bitumen and mastic. Conventional methods to determine the fatigue life of bitumen using time sweep tests make use of post-processing techniques established for bitumi-nous mixtures and these...
Abstract. Anti-oxidation is one of the important functions of preventive maintenance for asphalt pavements. The major working principle of preven-tive maintenance’s anti-oxidation is to retard the entrance of oxygen into the asphalt pavements. To advance the quantitative evaluation of preven-tive maintenance’s oxidation resistance, this study investigates the feasi-bility of using the oxygen...
Abstract. Narrow trenching on road pavement has become a widespread practice for installing telecommunication infrastructures on road pavements. Although such technique guarantees a social and environmentally sustainable construction, the quality of the backfilling plays a crucial role in both the short- and long-term properties of the trench. In this context, the present research aims to...
Abstract. This article evaluates the viability of cold-in-plant recycling with foamed bitumen for road rehabilitation through a case study on the ER243 road in Portugal, highlighting its alignment with European circular economy principles. The primary objective is to assess environmental benefits, construction efficiency, and the quality of this innovative recycling method as a sustainable...
Abstract. The research work presented in this paper focused on the evaluation of failure properties of asphalt binders at low temperatures by monotonic torsional loading (MTL) test. By making use of conventional dynamic shear rheometers, cylindrical specimens of binders (4 mm diameter and 5 mm height) were subjected to monotonic shear loadings until rupture at constant temperature and strain...
Abstract. The evaluation of the structural condition of a pavement is of great importance, since pavements are important transportation infrastruc-tures that should have an adequate bearing capacity. For this reason, the use of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) systems has gained worldwide ac-ceptance as an effective tool for determining pavement condition. Various indices from deflection...
Abstract. The adhesion behavior between crumb rubber (CR) modified asphalt binder and aggregate interface is more complicated due to the incorporation of crumb rubber. This paper focuses on the changes in the interfacial chemical structure and the SARA fractions transformations during the adhesion of the CR modified asphalt binder to the aggregate. A new iso-mass layered extraction process was...
Abstract. Cold In-place Recycling (CIR) is a rehabilitation treatment that restores a flexible pavement structure. While there has been significant re-search in design and performance testing of CIR, there is limited considera-tion of performance during construction. This research validated the Stiff-ness Raveling Mechanism Test (SRMT) in the lab and in the field, as an in-expensive, easy...
Abstract: Longitudinal cracks can influence the spread of stress in pavement structure, thereby affecting the pavement deflections. The effects of longitudinal cracks on the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) deflections of pavements with granular base (GB) were investigated and evaluated in this study. The finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the intact and longitudinal-cracked...
Abstract: The process of recycling scrap tire crumb rubber into asphalt pavements has been under continuous improvement for decades. Start-ing as early as the 1950’s various means and methods of incorporating recycled crumb rubber in asphalt have been proposed and applied in var-ious test sections. Starting in the 1970’s patented and proprietary as-phalt rubber products were developed and...
Abstract. Cold recycling is a technology used in constructing or rehabilitating flexible pavements. It strives to optimise the performance of processed reclaimed materials and construction methods, in order to gain environmental and economic benefits i.e. reducing carbon footprint whilst improving pavement life. The technology leads to the production of Bitumen Stabilised Materials (BSMs), a...
Abstract. A summary of literature on performance testing of Full Depth Reclamation (FDR, also known as Bitumen Stabilization) is presented in this paper. FDR is an important pavement rehabilitation treatment that can eliminate severe distresses and improve pavement structure, while using environmentally friendly techniques. FDR can be considered a semi-bound material (when stabilized with...
Abstract. This study conducted in Kitchener, Ontario, presents a comprehensive analysis of monitoring the environmental and structural behaviour for two years in an instrumented pavement test section. Focusing on pressure, strain, moisture, and temperature measurements throughout the pavement structural layers, the re-search uncovers nuanced patterns. Temperature fluctuations exhibit distinct...
Abstract. In recent decades, the growth of road transport systems has contributed significantly to global warming and environmental pollution. In addition, the constant increase in transport vehicles also implies the generation of a significant amount of end-of-life tires (ELTs) to be landfill disposed. In this framework, the combination of warm-mix asphalt (WMA) technology with crumb rubber...
Abstract. Pavement-integrated dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) can deliver electrical power to electric vehicles (EVs) as they transverse the roadway. However, a thorough investigation is needed to assess the mechanical behavior of pavement structures containing DWPT components. For the work reported herein, a flexible pavement with embedded DWPT components was constructed in an...
Abstract. Globally, transportation agencies are adopting reclamation and recycling strategies for their rehabilitation and construction needs. Cold recycling technologies are regarded as a sustainable approach for rehabil-itating flexible pavements, primarily due to their economic and envi-ronmental benefits. Cold in-place recycling (CIR) as one method in-volves reclaiming a portion of the...
Abstract. The use of crumb rubber as a binder modifier in spray seals and asphalt applications is a mature technology that is generally well under-stood for high crumb rubber dosages. However, recent efforts to repurpose end of life tyres must also consider other applications. The use of crumb rubber as a low dosage binder modifier for local roads in Australia has been of significant interest...
Abstract. Performance monitoring of highway infrastructure is vital for the integrity of the transport network and the safety of the users. The satellite remote sensing technology can task itself to further enhance the standards and monitoring capabilities of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods, in terms of allowing full network-level coverage and a regular revisit of the infrastructure....
Abstract. This study explores the industrial-scale production and applica-tion of asphalt mixtures incorporating high rates of recycled concrete aggre-gates (RCA), steel slag aggregates (SSA), and reclaimed asphalt (RA). With a dedicated focus on sustainability within road construction, the investiga-tion scrutinizes two specific asphalt mixtures through a comprehensive field trial section....
Abstract. Mechanical characteristics of asphalt binders and asphalt mixes can be improved by utilizing asphalt modifiers. Crumb Rubber Modification (CRM) of asphalt mixes has been practiced as an environmental friendly approach for improving mechanical characteristics of asphalt mixes. Crumb rubber enhances fatigue life and rutting resistance of asphalt mixes and decrease their moisture...
Abstract. The maintenance and rehabilitation of road pavements consume high annual budgets from road administrations, are associated with a huge production of waste, and consequently a large use of natural resources. In this way, the multi-recycling of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) presents itself as a solution to part of the problem, thus avoiding its classification as waste and...
Abstract. Moisture-induced durability distresses are the key barriers of rubberised asphalt that impede its further application. It is of vital importance to understand the adhesion properties between rubberised binders and aggregates. This study aims to investigate the effects of rubber type, aggregate type and water presence on the interfacial adhesion and debonding properties of the...
Abstract. Integrating new technologies in civil engineering has gained more space, particularly in pavement engineering. By overcoming some gaps that older strategies present, such as purely visual inspection, and by transforming the roads into a structure connected to network managers that permanently transmits data, it is possible to get a better knowledge and understanding of how pavements...
Abstract: In order to reduce costs and time associated with road quality assessment, a Pavement Management System (PMS) must embrace survey methods that expedite processes and minimize the demand for expensive procedures. With the widespread use of smartphones, numerous studies leverage these tools to simplify measurement processes. Additionally, the integration of computer vision (CV) with...
Abstract. In Canada, sustainable transportation strategies such as changes in vehicle technology, travel patterns and fuel have been made to reduce vehicle emissions and their impacts on human health and the environment. However, recent studies show that pavement surface condition can have significant effect on transportation fuel consumption and emissions. The rolling resistance effect that...
Abstract. The major purpose of this study was to address the challenge of managing solid waste by assessing the compatibility of waste plastic-modified asphalt-rubber binders through rheological and morphological analyses. Blending operations incorporated varying proportions of crumb rubber (CR) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into the base asphalt binder covering six different...
Abstract. This study explores the efficient identification of geogrids in road pavements through ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and comprehensive laboratory experiments. Geogrids are crucial in enhancing pavement strength and durability, making their effective detection vital for mainte-nance and longevity. GPR, based on electromagnetic principles, offers a non-destructive and insightful...
Abstract. The use of Reclaimed Rubberised Asphalt Mixtures (RRAM) in road pavement construction is a significant stride in reducing reliance on new materials and reducing waste disposal. RRAM provides a sustainable, cost-effective solution for roads, boosting durability and performance while supporting environmental causes [1,2]. However, despite its benefits, challenges remain. A thorough...
Abstract. The Lifecycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is an essential tool highway officials use to evaluate the merits of different pavement design alternatives and make suitable transportation investment decisions. However, the LCCA uses inputs that are inevitably highly uncertain. The deterministic LCCA approach is easy, uses average input values, and is straightforward to determine the low-cost...
Abstract. In the context of sustainable road construction, this study con-ducts a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impact of an innovative asphalt mixture incorporating Steel Slag Aggregate (SSA) and Reclaimed Asphalt (RA), with a specific focus on the production phase. The research compares this innovative mixture with a conventional one uti-lizing Natural Aggregate...
Abstract. This study was conducted to assess the time evolution of the lin-ear viscoelastic behaviour of bituminous mixtures containing crumb rubber added by dry process. For this purpose, three mixtures containing 0% or 4% of rubber and with neat 35/50 pen grade or SBS-modified bitumen were manufactured and stored for 15 months before being subjected to complex modulus tests. The results were...
Abstract. The work presents the setup of a full-scale trial site to summa-rize a case study realised within the University of Palermo. A full-scale area has been designed and constructed to test, on a large scale, a pave-ment structure equipped with sensors for continuous and in real-time monitoring and of various, crucial parameters, i.e., deformation, tempera-ture, and pressure, which are...
Abstract. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recently developed the ACR-PCR method for reporting the bearing capacity of airport pavements. From November 2024 all paved runways, taxiways, and aprons will have to be assed according to the new ACR-PCR method. The ACR-PCR will replace the ACN-PCN method, that has been worldwide used over the last four decades and is a critical...
Abstract. Asphalt-rubber can be produced following three main types of methods: the “wet method”, the “dry method” and the more recent “semi-wet” method, each one with their own variations. As long as an adequate technical and economical assessment is performed, these methods of as-phalt-rubber production might have their own space, as they have different costs and specific equipment demands...
Abstract. The use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on asphalt pavements as surface coating has been the subject of study since these coatings can degrade air pollutants through a photocatalytic process. However, the environmental impacts associated with the functionalization of nanoparticles on the pavement are still unknown. Therefore, this research aims to perform a Life Cycle...
Abstract. In the present study, the effects of adding crumb rubber modifier from end of life tires on the mechanical, functional, acoustical and environmental properties of asphalt mixtures were investigated in situ. Four different dense mixtures, characterized by similar gradation curve and optimally designed in laboratory using the volumetric method, were laid on a real test field in...
Abstract. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) has emerged as a powerful tool for evaluating the performance of asphalt binders. Its ability to analyze both the chemical composition and molecular structure of mate-rials provides essential insights into the changes that occur during the bi-tumen modification process. A key area of application is the investigation of shared components...
Waxes have long been used as rheological modifiers in warm mix asphalt, reducing viscosity at high temperatures and improving workability. Vari-ous percentages of Sasobit (S) and two types of Polyethylene waxes (PEQ and PEG) were used, ranging from 1% to 5% by mass. The rheological prop-erties of the binder were evaluated by mechanically blending the binder at speeds ranging from 1000 to 2000...
This study delves into a novel area of research, exploring the implications of zeolite in Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) on compactability indices and moisture damage. The investigation focuses on the impact of aging time and workability properties on WMA mixtures, utilizing compactability to determine production temperatures. Two distinct approaches were employed to assess workability properties:...
Abstract. The asphalt rubber wet process is a practical means of providing environmental, economic, sustainable, and safety of using crumb rubber from recycled tires using the wet method technology widely used in societal benefits. New imaginative and innovative engineering technology concepts have led to the development of a new asphalt rubber, crumb rubber semi wet method material with...
The world today is experiencing a rapid emergence of intelligent vehicle technology, including active safety systems, higher degree of connectedness, and autonomous capabilities of vehicles. It is transforming the way vehicles drive and navigate the roads. There has not been any major initiative in the road and pavement engineering sector to match the fast-pace changes that have taken place....
Over the last few decades, asphalt technology has undergone remarkable transformations. From environmentally friendly delivery methods to modifying binders and refining mix design approaches, the industry is evolving toward performance specifications. In this discussion, we explore emerging trends, emphasizing performance, sustainability, innovative additives, and portable non-destructive...
Abstract: The use of gecomposite incorporating multiaxial geogrid and non-woven fabric of high bitumen retention in asphalt overlays results in the increase of life of the designed pavement structure. Such an approach can offer an opportunity to increase the fatigue life (higher traffic capacity) without the need to increase asphalt overlay thickness or to reduce the thickness of asphalt...
Abstract. To promote the circular economy and the sustainable pavement construction, the feasibility of using three industrial wastes for the manu-facture of warm mix asphalt (WMA) has been analyzed. The first WMA used 5% of industrial waste rich in lignin biopolymer from the wood hard-board as a bitumen partial substitute. In the second WMA, 50% of natural filler was replaced by waste biomass...
Abstract. As part of ongoing research study two different methodologies of stiffness determination have been compared. Stiffness tests on a selection of Asphalt Concrete mixtures (AC) containing various contents of reclaimed asphalt have been performed using the indirect tensile test on cylindrical specimen with pulse load form (IT-CY) and 4-point bending test with prismatic specimens...
Abstract. Re-refined engine oil bottom (REOB) is a non-distillable residuum of waste engine oil that has been used as a softening agent for asphalt binders since the 1980s. While some researchers believe in the positive effect of REOB on pavement performance, many state agencies are concerned with the potential detrimental effect of REOB. Thus, a clear understanding of the effects of REOB on...
Abstract. Preserving the road surface and maintaining it at a proper functional level is essential to safe transportation. Several alternatives exist to serve this need and to deliver effective pavement surface preservation. Among these alternatives, high performance thin asphalt overlays have been utilized and promoted by several states in the United States. Under the research presented here,...
Abstract. This paper presents the properties of hot- and warm-mix asphalt concrete and possible use in pavements using a high rate of RAP (reclaimed asphalt pavement) and waste cooking oil (WCO). Laboratory experiments delivered results on the mixtures' essential volumetric and Marshall charac-teristics and their several mechanical performance parameters. These out-comes are used to deliver a...
Abstract. The current study aims to evaluate the fatigue performance of bitumen modified with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) from various sources. To achieve this, viscosity-graded (VG 30) base bitumen was modified with 3% waste plastic by volume of bitumen. The experimental program included a linear amplitude sweep test (LAS) at 15℃. The modified bitumen exhibited higher stiffness and...
Abstract. Geosynthetic materials have been utilized in various engineering applications. In pavement engineering, geosynthetics can serve as an interlayer system, providing reinforcement, filtration, and drainage, etc. Three field trial sections were constructed, including one section with conventional pavement structure, one section with fibreglass geogrid in the asphalt binder course, and...
Abstract. Annually, approximately 120 million tons of asphalt pavement are milled, resulting in the generation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP). Despite its advantages, fully maximizing RAP usage poses challenges, particularly as RAP content exceeds 20%, leading to a reduction in pavement resistance to cracking. The aging of asphalt binder, which causes increased stiffness and...
Abstract: At a time when the construction of new roads is increasingly taking a back seat to their preservation, the question of how to deal with maintenance measures, such as the reinforcement of pavements with asphalt reinforcements, is becoming more and more important. This applies in particular to the possible modelling of such asphalt reinforcements for dimensioning purposes. For the...
Abstract. A contribution for solving the depletion problem of natural resources and, simultaneously, the abundance of urban and industrial wastes, could be its application in pavement construction. For this purpose, a laboratory study is carried out in which Non-Selected Construction and Demolition Waste (NS CDW) and polypropylene (PP) plastic waste are incorporated in hot bituminous mixtures...
Abstract. Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials constitute aged binders that warrant recycling to achieve the required rheological proper-ties. For this purpose, recycling agents are added to the RAP materials to ‘soften’ the aged binder and meet the target rheological response. The rheo-logical response of the recycled binders, particularly their sensitivity to temperature changes,...
Abstract. In recent years, the use of recycled plastics in road pavements has gained momentum as another possible solution to reduce global plastic waste as we move towards an increasingly circular economy. In Portugal, studies on the use of recycled plastics in asphalt mixtures have been underway since 2011, reinforced by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, the Chinese...
Abstract. Exploring the reflective crack resistance of geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt concrete (AC) is the core focus of this paper, addressing a vital aspect of pavement longevity under fatigue loading. Reflective cracking, primarily induced by traffic and thermal loads, is a predominant failure mechanism in pavements. The current study quantifies the crack resistance capacity of...
Abstract. Polymer-modified bitumen performs better at different tempera-tures and loading conditions than pure bitumen. Therefore, using this type of bitumen in recycled asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt (RA) material can lead to a better performance than pure bitumen. However, the presence of a very hard and aged binder in the RA, especially for high RA incorporation ratios, may...
Abstract. In Singapore, about 1 million tonnes of plastic waste was generated in 2022. It was the largest amount of waste disposed in landfill with only 6% of the plastic waste was recycled. To increase the plastic recycling rate in Singapore, a study was carried out to investigate the use of recycled plastic waste in stone mastic asphalt (SMA) which is commonly used for heavy traffic...
Abstract. Due to the oil prices and the consequent impact on the cost of asphalt, importing this product has been an alternative in Brazil. The imported asphalts are packaged in the form of blocks in a solid state, and their management for use represents a challenge to face. This study presents a methodology developed in Brazil for using imported asphalt in blocks. Also, the performance...
