Conveners
S72. MIDDLE AGES 10. 13 TH-14TH CENTURIES, CENTRAL AND NORTHERN EUROPE
- Roman Zaoral (Charles University, Faculty of Humanities, Prague)
Different opinions have been expressed about early minting in Riga. Mostly, the authors have relied on the first written source of 1211 which prescribed the minting standard in Riga, although even a much later date of 1225 has also been considered possible. A recent hoard from Western Estonia, consisting of German, Swedish, Gotlandic and English coins as well as silver bars and ornaments,...
After the extinction of the domestic Babenberg dynasty, the Bohemian king and Moravian margrave Přemysl Otakar II († 1278) came to power in Austrian Lands. He gradually seized control over Lower and Upper Austria, Styria, Carniola and Carinthia. His policy was to ensure economic development: founding cities, protecting trade routes and minting coins. The government of Přemysl Otakar II...
Am Beginn des 13. Jahrhunderts begannen weltliche und geistliche Herrscher in Westfalen einen neuen Münztyp zu prägen. Anstelle des umlaufenden Kölner Pfennigs ahmten sie die gleichwertigen englischen Sterlinge nach. Die ersten Sterlingnachahmungen prägten Kaiser Otto IV. (1198/1208 – 1218) in Dortmund, die Bischöfe von Münster und die Grafen von Schwalenberg. Die Entwicklung dieser...
The Silesian coinage at the turn of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries is still poorly understood. We know over a hundred types of Silesian kwartniks, stylistically and typologically a very mixed group. Most kwartnik types are without a legend, and references in the written sources are scarce. Therefore, for the time being these coins must remain largely anonymous.
Stylistic analogies...
